Chapter review questions
Click on the hyperlinks below to jump to the review questions for each chapter.Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 1
- Outline the steps of the scientific method and illustrate its applications to psychology with an example.
- List the main theoretical areas of psychology. For one of these areas, describe an example of how psychological research or theory can be applied to the world of work.
- What is the difference between theoretical and applied psychology?
- Briefly outline the eight areas of knowledge that the BPS expects of occupational psychologists.
- Describe three main arenas for business studies and briefly outline how they are related to psychology.
Chapter 2
- What is a competency framework?
- Define reliability and explain why it is important in selection.
- List and describe the different types of validity.
- What is the difference between behavioural and situational interviews?
- How would you define adverse impact?
Chapter 3
- List the different types of standardised performance measures that can be used in organisations and give an example of each.
- What is 360° appraisal and what is it best used for?
- Distinguish between training, development and learning.
- What is the difference between behaviourism and social learning?
- When is it best to use massed and spaced practice?
- List three training methods and their associated advantages and disadvantages.
Chapter 4
- What is non-financial employment commitment and why is it important in understanding motivation?
- How would you define motivation?
- Briefly summarise Hackman and Oldham's five core job characteristics. How has this model been extended?
- Name and define McClelland's three implicit needs.
- What is the High Performance Cycle?
- Define job satisfaction and explain why it is important in the study of motivation.
Chapter 5
- Briefly define the five different theoretical approaches to communication.
- List the non-verbal communication channels.
- What structural dimensions influence communication in organisations?
- What is 'paralanguage' and what role does it play in communication?
- What is the difference between dread and wish rumours?
Chapter 6
- Distinguish a 'real' from 'pseudo' team.
- List five types of teams with examples of each.
- What are two different ways of measuring team composition?
- Briefly outline two emergent states that affect team performance.
- What positive impacts does teamwork have on an organisation?
Chapter 7
- How would you define leadership?
- How are the Big Five traits related to (a) leader emergence and (b) leader effectiveness?
- Briefly outline the central proposition of LMX theory (Leader-Member Exchange).
- What are the four leader behaviours in path-goal theory?
Chapter 8
- What is the difference between planned and emergent change?
- Briefly outline Lewin's three-stage model of change.
- What is the advantage of a learning organisation in managing change?
- List some of the positive and negative personal triggers for change and explain why they are important in understanding how organisational change impacts on individuals.
- What are the four main sources of resistance to change, according to Kotter and Schlesinger?
Chapter 9
- What is the General Adaptation Syndrome?
- What is the role of cognitive appraisal in the stress response?
- What is the difference between burnout and engagement?
- List six potential hazards at work.
- What is hardiness and how does it relate to stress management?
Chapter 10
- What are the valued subjective experiences that positive psychology attempts to investigate?
- How does Seligman define the three paths to happiness?
- Outline the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions.
- Contrast weakness-based development.
- Define a 'flow' experience.
- How is spirituality different from religion?
Chapter 11
- What are the two main areas of human-computer interaction research?
- List the four principles for interface design suggested by Oviatt.
- Briefly outline the advantages and disadvantages of mobile remote presence (MRP) systems in the workplace.
- Contrast instrumental and stimulating risk-taking.
- What is social customer relationship management?
- What are the six components of the coaching process?
Chapter 12
- Briefly outline the five steps in the research process.
- What is a systematic review and why can it be helpful to practitioners?
- Define an experimental study.
- What is the Hawthorne effect?
- Why is sample size important in research?