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Inmedical and health care the scientific method is little used, and statisticalsoftware programs are experienced as black box programs producing lots ofp-values, but little answers to scientific questions. The pocket...
Inmedical and health care the scientific method is little used, and statisticalsoftware programs are experienced as black box programs producing lots ofp-values, but little answers to scientific questions. The pocket calculatoranalyses appears to be, particularly, appreciated, because they enable medicaland health professionals and students for the first time to understand thescientific methods of statistical reasoning and hypothesis testing. So much so,that it can start something like a new dimension in their professional world. Inaddition, anumber of statistical methods like power calculations and required sample sizecalculations can be performed more easily on a pocket calculator, than using asoftware program. Also, there are some specific advantages of thepocket calculator method. You better understand what you are doing. The pocketcalculator works faster, because far less steps have to be taken, averages canbe used. The current nonmathematical book is complementary to thenonmathematical "SPSS for Starters and 2nd Levelers" (Springer HeidelbergGermany 2015, from the same authors), and can very well be used as its dailycompanion.
The medical and health care uses the scientific method little, the book addresses how to daily use it
Statistical software programs are experienced as black boxes to non mathematiciens
All specific advantages of pocket calculators are summarized
Preface.-I Continuous Outcome Data Data Spread, Standard Deviations Data Summaries:Histograms, Wide and Narrow Gaussian Curves Null-Hypothesis Testing withGraphs Null-Hypothesis Testing with the T-table One-Sample Continuous Data (One-SampleT-Test, One-Sample Wilcoxon Paired Continuous Data (Paired T-Test, Two-SampleWilcoxon Signed Rank Test) Unpaired Continuous Data (Unpaired T-Test,Mann-Whitney) Linear Regression (Regression Coefficients, CorrelationCoefficients, and their StandardErrors) Kendall-Tau Regressionfor Ordinal Data Paired Continuous Data, Analysis with Help of CorrelationCoefficients Power Equations Sample Size Calculations ConfidenceIntervals Equivalence Testing instead of Null-Hypothesis Testing NoninferiorityTesting instead of Null-Hypothesis Testing Superiority Testing instead ofNull-Hypothesis Testing Missing Data Imputation Bonferroni Adjustments Unpaired Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) Paired Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).-VariabilityAnalysis for One or Two Samples 22 Variability Analysis for Three or More Samples.-Confounding Propensity Score and Propensity Score Matching for MultipleConfounders Interaction Accuracy and Reliability Assessments Robust Testsfor Imperfect Data Non-linear Modeling on a Pocket Calculator FuzzyModeling for Imprecise and Incomplete Data.-Bhattacharya Modeling for Unmasking Hidden Gaussian Curves Item ResponseModeling instead of Classical Linear Analysis of Questionnaires Meta-Analysis Goodness of Fit Tests for Identifying Nonnormal Data.-Non-Parametric Tests for Three or More Samples (Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis) IIBinary Outcome Data.-Data Spread: StandardDeviation, One Sample Z- Test, One Sample Binomial Test Z-Tests Phi Testsfor Nominal Data 38 Chi-Square Tests.-Fisher Exact Tests Convenient for Small Samples Confounding Interaction Chi-squareTests for Large Cross-Tabs Logarithmic Transformations, a Great Help to StatisticalAnalyses Odds Ratios, a Short-Cut for AnalyzingCross-Tabs Log odds, the Basis of Logistic Regression Log Likelihood Ratio Testsfor the Best Precision Hierarchical Loglinear Models for Higher Order Cross-Tabs McNemar Tests for Paired Cross-Tabs.-McNemar Odds Ratios Power Equations Sample Size Calculations AccuracyAssessments Reliability Assessments Unmasking Fudged Data Markov Modelingfor Predictions outside the Range of Observations Binary Partitioning with CART (Classificationand Regression Tree) Methods Meta-Analysis Physicians' Daily Life and theScientific Method Incident Analysis and the Scientific Method Cochran Testsfor Large Paired Cross-Tabs.-Index.
The authorsare well-qualified in their field. Professor Zwinderman is past-president ofthe International Society of Biostatistics (2012-2015), and Professor Cleophasis past-president of the American College of Angiology(2000-2002). From their expertise they should be able to make adequateselections of modern methods for clinical data analysis for the benefit ofphysicians, students, and investigators. The authors have been working andpublishing together for 17 years, and their research can be characterized as acontinued effort to demonstrate that clinical data analysis is not mathematicsbut rather a discipline at the interface of biology and mathematics.
The authors as professors and teachers instatistics at...
The authorsare well-qualified in their field. Professor Zwinderman is past-president ofthe International Society of Biostatistics (2012-2015), and Professor Cleophasis past-president of the American College of Angiology(2000-2002). From their expertise they should be able to make adequateselections of modern methods for clinical data analysis for the benefit ofphysicians, students, and investigators. The authors have been working andpublishing together for 17 years, and their research can be characterized as acontinued effort to demonstrate that clinical data analysis is not mathematicsbut rather a discipline at the interface of biology and mathematics.
The authors as professors and teachers instatistics at universities in The Netherlands and France for the most part oftheir lives, are convinced that the scientific method of statistical reasoningand hypothesis testing is little used by physicians and other health workers,and they hope that the current production will help them find the appropriateways for answering their scientific questions.
Threetextbooks complementary to the current production and written by the sameauthors are Statistics applied to clinical studies 5th edition, 2012, Machinelearning in medicine a complete overview, 2015, SPSS for starters and 2ndlevelers, 2015, all of them edited by Springer Heidelberg Germany.
